Research papers samples
research papers on food product development
Our analysis has shown that the benefits of technical change in the development model pursued by Pakistan accrue to those already privileged; the deprivations fall on those already relatively deprived. This outcome is the dynamic product of complementary structures of political power and interests at the local, national, and international levels. The privileged are well-organized and have powerful international allies (not the least of whom are traditional development economists); they also control the state. The share tenants and laborers lack organization and political representation, are divided by structural isolation and factional politics, and are often exacerbated by competition with one another. Although these conditions characterize much of the subcontinent, there are enough exceptions to demonstrate that they are not immutable.
research papers on fourth amendment
A federal warrant contemplates an oath taken before an official authorized to administer oaths in federal criminal proceedings, so that an arrest by warrant under authority of a federal court upon an affidavit verified before a notary public has been held to violate the Fourth Amendment, as made without proper verification. But the government may correct such a defect in the warrant unless the defendant has objected to the validity of the warrant before the irregularity has been cured by the prosecuting authorities. Therefore the defendant loses his right to object when his motion to quash the warrant is not made until after the government has filed proper affidavits.
research papers on gas prices
Only one distribution is available, that between residential and industrial users. In 1965, the lowest residential prices were in the Southwest, the Central Plains, and the Rocky Mountain-Northern Plains, where most of the country's natural gas is produced. The highest price, by a substantial margin, was in New England. In 1978, the gas-producing regions remained at the bottom of the list. Residential gas prices in New England, the highest in the country, increased more slowly than the national average. They were still equal to 164 percent of that average in 1978. There was less convergence toward the U.S. average in New York and New Jersey.
research papers on immune system
If tumors are antigenic, why do they ever grow? Why are they not rejected by the immune system before they reach clinical size? One answer is provided by the proponents of the immune surveillance hypothesis. This states that one of the prime jobs which evolution has given to the immune system, particularly the T cell system, is to seek out and destroy "altered self," or cells which are somewhat different from normal cells. These would include cells that have undergone malignant transformation. Clinical cancer results only when immune surveillance fails. It represents the tip of an iceberg, and the whole cancer problem would be much worse if there were no immune system.
research papers on juvenile delinquency
In the charge to the jury the trial judge charged, "An infant under sixteen years of age can be indicted and tried for murder in the first degree or murder in the second degree and nothing else. Any other offense committed by a defendant under sixteen years of age is juvenile delinquency, which is not a crime." In conclusion, the jury was told that its verdict might be one of three: guilty of murder in the first degree, or in the second degree, or not guilty. To the instructions so given an exception was taken. To refusals upon requests to charge the lower degrees of homicide and to permit the jury to find thereunder, exceptions were also taken.
research papers on marriage
Illegitimacy refers to birth outside of marriage. In the prewar years approximately 3 per cent of all live births were of that kind. During and following the war, rates have been even higher, which is one more evidence of the breakdown in our sex mores. The problem is a serious one for both the unmarried mother and the illegitimate child. For the mother there is the dilemma as to whether to keep the child or offer it for adoption. If she keeps it, there are the problems of economic support and social stigma. She may be seriously handicapped so far as future marriage is concerned. For these reasons most unmarried mothers are inclined to give up their children.
research papers on prayer in school
For Muslims to support the opponents of prayer in school would be for them to accept the assumptions of a secularized society. In particular, this position encourages the attitude that religion is a personal rather than a public matter and, therefore, its activities should not be practiced in public places. The issue thus challenges the sense of Islam as a total way of life. There are believers in Islam as well as in Judaism and Christianity who accept secularist assumptions, but they are challenged by more fundamentalist believers, as in the other religious traditions. For the American Muslim, then, an important task is to redefine issues of religious life in America in such a way that an Islamic alternative is possible within the debate.
research papers on sports
If what is of major interest in a competitive sports contest is the challenge each competitor or team poses to the other, and the skill, intensity, and character with which the participants meet the challenge, there is no reason why women's contests should be less exciting or less interesting than men's contests. This has long been known in Iowa, where girls' high school basketball is a state mania, or at colleges like the University of Texas or Louisiana Tech where the championship women's teams have huge followings. It surely is accepted by tennis fans as top women stars such as Steffi Graf, and now the new young sensation Jennifer Capriati, get as much attention as their male counterparts.
research papers on steroids
We know that sperm formation can be very effectively prevented by inhibiting the secretion of the pituitary gonadotrophic hormones by means of various steroids -- the steroids, for example, that Dr. Pincus discussed above. These are equally as effective inhibitors of male germ cell production as they are of ovulation. This method of fertility control in the male is highly effective, but it does not appear to be of practical value as the inhibition of gonadotropins is not selective. The steroids inhibit both FSH and LH and, as a consequence, not only is sperm production inhibited but also the secretion of male sex hormone.
research papers on the color purple
There is yet another strong distinction to be made between the black- and white-authored feminist novel. It lies in the respective portrayals of the male. The black male does not stand as a symbol of modern society or the United States. No matter what the heroine's frustration and anger may be in relation to the black men in her life, there still exists a banding together against another enemy, a white and racist society. A significant example occurs in The Color Purple when all the black people, male and female, join together to help Sofia.